Such efforts can be observed not only in Italy but also elsewhere - in Germany, for example, there was the so-called "Dürer Renaissance" around 1600, and artistic personalities such as the Weilheim sculptor Hans Krumpper (c. 1570-1634) are exemplary for an early Baroque renewal of art. However, it was the Italian early Baroque alone that had a style-defining effect, especially with a brief phase of painting and Annibale Carracci (1560-1609) on the one hand, Michelangelo Merisi da Caravaggio (1571-1610) on the other. Federigo Barocci and Lodovico Cardi (gen. Cigoli) should also be mentioned as pioneers of the new style. In the architecture of Rome, after a phase of transition to which Giacomo della Porta's façade of Il Gesú can be attributed, Carlo Maderno (c. 1556-1629), a native of Switzerland, was at the beginning. He was followed by Francesco Borromini and his more "classically" inclined rival, Gianlorenzo Bernini (1598-1680). The latter became the epitome of the Roman early and high Baroque, especially in the field of sculpture.